2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Cell Cycle/DNA Damage
  4. DNA/RNA Synthesis

DNA/RNA Synthesis

DNA/RNA Synthesis

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RNA synthesis, which is also called DNA transcription, is a highly selective process. Transcription by RNA polymerase II extends beyond RNA synthesis, towards a more active role in mRNA maturation, surveillance and export to the cytoplasm.

Single-strand breaks are repaired by DNA ligase using the complementary strand of the double helix as a template, with DNA ligase creating the final phosphodiester bond to fully repair the DNA.DNA ligases discriminate against substrates containing RNA strands or mismatched base pairs at positions near the ends of the nickedDNA. Bleomycin (BLM) exerts its genotoxicity by generating free radicals, whichattack C-4′ in the deoxyribose backbone of DNA, leading to opening of the ribose ring and strand breakage; it is an S-independentradiomimetic agent that causes double-strand breaks in DNA.

First strand cDNA is synthesized using random hexamer primers and M-MuLV Reverse Transcriptase (RNase H). Second strand cDNA synthesis is subsequently performed using DNA Polymerase I and RNase H. The remaining overhangs are converted into blunt ends using exonuclease/polymerase activity. After adenylation of the 3′ ends of DNA fragments, NEBNext Adaptor with hairpin loop structure is ligated to prepare the samples for hybridization. Cell cycle and DNA replication are the top two pathways regulated by BET bromodomain inhibition. Cycloheximide blocks the translation of mRNA to protein.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-W014622
    CRT0044876
    		Inhibitor 98.44%
    CRT0044876 is a potent and selective apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) inhibitor (IC50=~3 μM). CRT0044876 inhibits the AP endonuclease, 3′-phosphodiesterase and 3′-phosphatase activities of APE1, and is a specific inhibitor of the exonuclease III family of enzymes to which APE1 belongs. CRT0044876 potentiates the cytotoxicity of several DNA base-targeting compounds.
    CRT0044876
  • HY-B0425
    Novobiocin
    		Inhibitor
    Novobiocin (Albamycin) is a potent and orally active antibiotic. Novobiocin also is a DNA gyrase inhibitor and a heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) antagonist. Novobiocin has the potential for the research of highly beta-lactam-resistant pneumococcal infections. Novobiocin shows anti-orthopoxvirus activity.
    Novobiocin
  • HY-132580
    Tofersen
    Tofersen (BIIB067) is an antisense oligonucleotide that mediates RNase H-dependent degradation of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) mRNA to reduce the synthesis of SOD1 protein. Tofersen can be used for the research of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).
    Tofersen
  • HY-W013049
    Docosanoic acid
    		Inhibitor ≥98.0%
    Docosanoic acid (Behenic acid) is a long-chain saturated fatty acid. Docosanoic acid inhibits the double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) binding activity of p53 DNA binding domain, with a Kd of 12 nM. Docosanoic acid has low bioavailability and can increase cholesterol in humans.
    Docosanoic acid
  • HY-B0546
    Procaine
    		99.95%
    Procaine is a DNA-demethylating agent. Procaine acts through multiple targets and has a slow onset and a short duration of action.
    Procaine
  • HY-103056
    DDD85646
    		99.72%
    DDD85646 (IMP-366) is an orally active of trypanosoma brucei N-myristoyltransferase (TbNMT IC50=2 nM; hNMT IC50=4 nM). The enzyme N-myristoyltransferase (NMT) is a potential agent target for human African trypanosomiasis.
    DDD85646
  • HY-126303C
    GS-443902 trisodium
    		Inhibitor 99.98%
    GS-443902 trisodium (GS-441524 triphosphate trisodium) is a potent viral RNA-dependent RNA-polymerases (RdRp) inhibitor with IC50s of 1.1 μM, 5 μM for RSV RdRp and HCV RdRp, respectively. GS-443902 trisodium is the active triphosphate metabolite of Remdesivir (GS-5734).
    GS-443902 trisodium
  • HY-139289
    ART812
    		99.90%
    ART812 is an orally active DNA polymerase Polθ inhibitor with an IC50 value of 7.6 nM. ART812 has an IC50 value of 240 nM for cell based microhomology-mediated end joining (MMEJ).
    ART812
  • HY-W008990
    Xanthosine 5'-monophosphate sodium salt
    		99.61%
    Xanthosine 5'-monophosphate sodium salt (5'-Xanthylic acid sodium salt) is an intermediate in purine metabolism. Xanthosine 5'-monophosphate sodium salt can be used for genetic code, nucleic acid structure, and DNA, RNA and protein synthesis research.
    Xanthosine 5'-monophosphate sodium salt
  • HY-15586
    L67
    		Inhibitor ≥98.0%
    L67 (DNA Ligase Inhibitor) is a competitive DNA ligase inhibitor that effectively inhibits DNA ligases I/III (both IC50 are 10 μM). L67 can cause nuclear DNA damage by reducing levels of mitochondrial DNA and increasing levels of mitochondrially-generated ROS. L67 also activates the Caspase 1-dependent apoptosis pathway in cancer cells, can be used in cancer research.
    L67
  • HY-13560
    AVN-944
    		Inhibitor 99.89%
    AVN-944 (VX-944) is an orally active, potent, selective, noncompetitive and specific inhibitor of IMPDH (inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase). AVN-944 is an essential rate-limiting enzyme in de novo guanine nucleotide synthesis. AVN-944 is also an inhibitor of arenavirus RNA synthesis, and blocks arenavirus infection. AVN-944 has broad anti-cancer activities, and can be used for multiple myeloma (MM) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) research.
    AVN-944
  • HY-17647
    Zoliflodacin
    		Inhibitor 99.95%
    Zoliflodacin (ETX0914;AZD0914) is a novel spiropyrimidinetrione bacterial DNA gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitor. Zoliflodacin has potent in vitro antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms, including S. aureus with the MIC90 of 0.25 μg/mL.
    Zoliflodacin
  • HY-131394
    5-Hydroxymethyl-2’-deoxycytidine
    		Modulator 99.96%
    5-Hydroxymethyl-2’-deoxycytidine (5hmdC) is an oxidation derivative of 5-methyl-2'-deoxycytidine (5-mdC) in DNA. 5-Hydroxymethyl-2’-deoxycytidine may serve as a marker of irreversibly damaged cells.
    5-Hydroxymethyl-2’-deoxycytidine
  • HY-145974A
    m7GpppAmpG ammonium
    		Modulator 99.50%
    m7GpppAmpG ammonium (m7G(5')ppp(5')(2'OMeA)pG ammonium) is a trinucleotide 5′ end cap analog. m7GpppAmpG ammonium binds to eIF4E with a KD value of 45.6 nM. m7GpppAmpG ammonium caps RNA with a capping efficiency of 90%. m7GpppAmpG ammonium enhances mRNA stability and translation efficiency. m7GpppAmpG ammonium is used in mRNA therapeutic research.
    m7GpppAmpG ammonium
  • HY-114842
    TDRL-551
    		Inhibitor 99.84%
    TDRL-551 is a potent replication protein A (RPA) inhibitor (IC50=18 µM). TDRL-551 inhibits RPA-DNA interaction and increases the efficacy of Platinum (Pt)-based chemotherapy in lung and ovarian cancer. RPA plays essential roles in both nucleotide excision repair (NER) and homologous recombination (HR), along with its role in DNA replication and DNA damage checkpoint activation.
    TDRL-551
  • HY-124593
    PTC299
    		Inhibitor 99.89%
    PTC299 is an orally active inhibitor of VEGFA mRNA translation that selectively inhibits VEGF protein synthesis at the post-transcriptional level. PTC299 is also a potent inhibitor of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH). PTC299 shows good oral bioavailability and lack of off-target kinase inhibition and myelosuppression. PTC299 can be useful for the research of hematologic malignancies.
    PTC299
  • HY-W010128
    6-(Dimethylamino)purine
    		Inhibitor 99.90%
    6-(Dimethylamino) purine (6-Dimethylaminopurine) is a serine threonine protein kinase inhibitor. 6-(Dimethylamino) purine can inhibit prolactin induced expression of lactoprotein genes in rabbit mammary gland cells. 6-(Dimethylamino) purine can affect the maturation of mammalian oocytes. 6-(Dimethylamino) purine can lead to downregulation of genes related to cell proliferation and cell cycle progression, such as proliferating cell nuclear antigen, insulin-like gene 1, and serine protease inhibitor 2 genes, and induce apoptosis in lymphoma cells (apoptosis).
    6-(Dimethylamino)purine
  • HY-136731
    APE1-IN-1
    		Inhibitor 99.52%
    APE1-IN-1 is a potent and blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetrant apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) endonuclease 1 (APE1) inhibitor with an IC50 value of 2 μM. APE1-IN-1 can potentiate the cytotoxicity of the alkylating agents Methylmethane sulfonate and Temozolomide (HY-17364) to cancer cells.
    APE1-IN-1
  • HY-122502
    Pyrazofurin
    		Inhibitor 98.18%
    Pyrazofurin is an antitumor pyrimidine nucleoside analogue and a orotate-phosphoribosyltransferase inhibitor. Pyrazofurin inhibits cell proliferation and intracellular DNA synthesis by inhibiting uridine 5'-phosphate synthase. Pyrazofurin is also an antibiotic with a broad spectrum of antiviral activity.
    Pyrazofurin
  • HY-19620A
    Branaplam hydrochloride
    		Agonist 99.43%
    Branaplam (LMI070; NVS-SM1) hydrochloride is a highly potent, selective and orally active survival motor neuron-2 (SMN2) splicing modulator with an EC50 of 20 nM for SMN. Branaplam hydrochloride inhibits human-ether-a-go-go-related gene (hERG) with an IC50 of 6.3 μM. Branaplam hydrochloride elevates full-length SMN protein and extends survival in a severe spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) mouse model.
    Branaplam hydrochloride
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity